Q: I hear that Adbusters organized Occupy Wall Street? Or Anonymous? Or US Day of Rage? Just who put this together anyway?
A: All of the above, and more. Adbusters made the initial call in
mid-July, and also produced a very sexy poster with a ballerina posed
atop the Charging Bull statue and riot police in the background. US Day
of Rage, the mainly internet-based creation of IT strategist Alexa
O’Brien, got involved too and did a lot of the early legwork and
tweeting. Anonymous—in its various and multiform visages—joined in late
August. On the ground in New York, though, most of the planning was done
by people involved in the NYC General Assembly, a collection of
activists, artists and students first convened by folks who had been
involved in New Yorkers Against Budget Cuts. That coalition of students
and union workers had just finished a three-week occupation near City
Hall called Bloombergville protesting the mayor’s plans for budget cuts
and layoffs. They had learned from the experience and were itching to do
it again, this time with the hope of having a bigger impact. But no one
person or group is running the Wall Street occupation entirely.
No nobody is in charge? How do decisions get made?
The General Assembly has become the de facto decision-making body for
the occupation at Liberty Plaza, just a few blocks north of Wall
Street. (That was Zuccotti Park’s name before 2006, when the space was
rebuilt by Brookfield Properties and renamed after its chairman, John
Zuccotti.) Get ready for jargon: the General Assembly is a horizontal,
autonomous, leaderless, modified-consensus-based system with roots in
anarchist thought, and it’s akin to the assemblies that have been
driving recent social movements around the world, in places like
Argentina, Egypt’s Tahrir Square, Madrid’s Puerta del Sol and so on.
Working toward consensus is really hard, frustrating and slow. But the
occupiers are taking their time. When they finally get to consensus on
some issue, often after days and days of trying, the feeling is quite
incredible. A mighty cheer fills the plaza. It’s hard to describe the
experience of being among hundreds of passionate, rebellious, creative
people who are all in agreement about something.
Fortunately, though, they don’t need to come to consensus about
everything. Working alongside the General Assembly are an ever-growing
number of committees and working groups—from Food and Media to Direct
Action and Sanitation. Anyone is welcome to join one, and they each do
their own thing, working in tacit coordination with the General Assembly
as a whole. In the end, the hope is that every individual is empowered
to make decisions and act as her or himself, for the good of the group.
What are the demands of the protesters?
Ugh—the zillion-dollar question. Again, the original Adbusters call
asked, “What is our one demand?” Technically, there isn’t one yet. In
the weeks leading up to September 17, the NYC General Assembly seemed to
be veering away from the language of “demands” in the first place,
largely because government institutions are already so shot through with
corporate money that making specific demands would be pointless until
the movement grew stronger politically. Instead, to begin with, they
opted to make their demand the occupation itself—and the direct
democracy taking place there—which in turn may or may not come up with
some specific demand. When you think about it, this act is actually a
pretty powerful statement against the corruption that Wall Street has
come to represent. But since thinking is often too much to ask of the
American mass media, the question of demands has turned into a massive
PR challenge.
The General Assembly is currently in the midst of determining how it
will come to consensus about unifying demands. It’s a really messy and
interesting discussion. But don’t hold your breath.
Everyone in the plaza comes with their own way of thinking about what
they’d like to see happen, of course. Along the north end of the plaza,
there’s a collage of hundreds of cardboard signs people have made with
slogans and demands on them. Bystanders stop and look at them,
transfixed, all day long. The messages are all over the place, to be
sure, but there’s also a certain coherence to them. That old standby,
“People Before Profits,” seems to capture the gist fairly well. But also
under discussion are a variety of other issues, ranging from ending the
death penalty, to dismantling the military-industrial complex, to
affordable healthcare, to more welcoming immigration policies. And more.
It can be confusing, but then again these issues are all at some level
interconnected.
Some news reports have been painting the protesters as
unfocused, or worse, as hopelessly confused and uninformed. Is there any
truth to that?
Sure. In a world as complex as ours, we’re all uninformed about most
things, even if we know about a few. I remember a police officer
remarking of the protesters on the first or second day, “They think they
know everything!” That’s how young people generally are. But in this
case, noticing the over-concentration of wealth around Wall Street and
its outsized influence in politics does not require a detailed grasp of
what a hedge fund does or the current selling price of Apple stock. One
thing that distinguishes these protesters is precisely their hope that a
better world is possible. I might add that, for many Americans, such
nonviolent direct action is the only chance of having a political voice,
and it deserves to be taken seriously by those of us in the press.
How many people have responded to the Adbusters call? How large is the group? And how large has it ever been?
The original Adbusters call envisioned 20,000 people flooding the
Financial District on September 17. A tenth of that probably ended up
being there that day. Despite a massive Anonymous-powered online social
media blitz, lots of people simply didn’t know about it, and traditional
progressive organizations like labor unions and peace groups were
uncomfortable signing on to so amorphous an action. Over the course of a
difficult first week, with arrests happening just about every day, new
faces kept coming, as others filtered out to take a break. The media
coverage after last weekend’s mass arrests and alleged police brutality
has brought many more. Now, during the day and into the night, one finds
500 or more people in the plaza, and maybe half that sleeping over. At
any given time, several thousand people around the world are watching
the occupation’s 24/7 livestream online.
Rather than a mass movement from the outset, this occupation has
ended up depending on a relatively small number of highly determined,
courageous young activists willing to sleep outside and confront police
intimidation. But that is changing. As word spreads about it, the crowd
has been getting older, more diverse. Already, though, this tactic of a
somewhat rowdy occupation has garnered influence far greater than a
traditional march would. After all, 20,000 marched on Wall Street on May
12—protesting bank bailouts and budget cuts for state employees—and who
remembers that?
What would a “win” look like for the occupation?
Again, that depends on whom you ask. As September 17 approached, the
NYC General Assembly really saw its goal, again, not so much as to pass
some piece of legislation or start a revolution as to build a new kind
of movement. It wanted to foment similar, like-minded assemblies around
the city and around the world, which would be a new basis for political
organizing in this country, against the overwhelming influence of
corporate money. That is starting to happen, as similar occupations are
cropping up in dozens of other cities. Another big occupation has been
in the making for months, slated to begin on October 6 at Freedom Plaza
in Washington, DC, and the organizers of that have been visiting Liberty
Plaza on and off, learning all they can from its successes and
mistakes.
I’ve heard some people saying, when Liberty Plaza was swamped with TV
news cameras, “We’ve already won!” Others think they’ve hardly begun.
Both, in some sense, are true.
Are there cops all over the square? How bad has the police brutality been? If I came there, what are the risks?
The police presence is nonstop, and there have been some very scary
encounters with them—which also gave occasion for tremendous acts of
courage by protesters. The worst incident was last Saturday, of course,
but there has been very little trouble since then. A large contingent of
protesters has no intention of getting arrested, and almost nobody is
interested in taking pointless risks or instigating violence against
people or property. The more that ordinary people join the
cause—together with celebrity visitors like Susan Sarandon, Cornel West
and Michael Moore—the less likely the police will probably be to try to
suppress it. As one sign along Broadway says, “Safety in Numbers! Join
Us!”
Nonetheless, challenging the powers that be—and doing so impolitely,
outside the bounds of a permit—is never going to be 100 percent safe. To
the extent that this movement is effective, it will also carry risks.
If you take part, it’s not a bad idea to keep the National Lawyers
Guild’s phone number written on your arm, just in case.
If I can’t come to Wall Street, what else can I do?
A lot of people are already taking part in important ways from
afar—this is the magic of decentralization. Online, you can watch the
livestream, make
donations,
retweet on Twitter and encourage your friends to get interested. People
with relevant skills have been volunteering to help maintain the
movement’s websites and edit video—coordinating through IRC chat rooms
and other social media. Soon, the formal discussions about demands will
be happening online as well as in the plaza. Offline, you can join the
numerous similar occupations that are
starting up around the country or start your own.
Finally, you can always take the advice that has become one of the
several mantras of the movement, expressed this way by one woman at
Tuesday night’s General Assembly meeting: “Occupy your own heart,” she
said, “not with fear but with love.”